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Admiral of the Fleet Bruce Austin Fraser, 1st Baron Fraser of North Cape GCB, KBE (5 February 1888 – 12 February 1981) was a senior Royal Navy officer. He served in World War I and saw action during the Gallipoli Campaign and took part in the internment of the German High Seas Fleet at the end of the War. He also served in World War II initially as Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy and then as Second-in-Command and afterwards as Commander of the Home Fleet, leading the force that destroyed the German battleship . He went on to be First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff in which role he assisted in establishing NATO and agreed to the principle that the Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT) should be an American Admiral, in the face of fierce British opposition. ==Early naval career== Born the son of General Alexander Fraser CB and Monica Stores Fraser (née Smith), Fraser was educated at Bradfield College.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fraser, Bruce Austin )〕 He joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in the training ship HMS ''Britannia'' in September 1902 and passed out as a midshipman in the battleship in the Channel Fleet on 15 January 1904.〔Heathcote, p. 88〕 He transferred to the battleship in the Channel Fleet in February 1905 and, having been promoted to sub-lieutenant on 15 March 1907, he joined the battleship in May 1907.〔 He moved to the destroyer HMS ''Gypsy'' in September 1907 and, having been promoted to lieutenant on 15 March 1908, he joined the cruiser in the Mediterranean Fleet.〔 Fraser transferred to the Home Fleet in August 1910 and remained there serving in until July 1911 when he joined , the Royal Navy's school of Gunnery at Whale Island in Portsmouth harbour where he commenced the 'long course' to qualify as a specialist Gunnery Officer.〔 He assisted on the Advanced Gunnery Course at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich in 1912 and then joined the instructing staff at HMS ''Excellent'' in 1913.〔 Fraser served in World War I initially in the cruiser providing naval gunfire support during the Gallipoli Campaign and then carrying troops to protect Egypt's Western frontier.〔 He returned to HMS ''Excellent'' early in 1916 and, having been promoted to lieutenant-commander on 15 March 1916, he joined the battleship as Gunnery Officer at the end of the year.〔 He spent the remainder of the War with the Grand Fleet and took part in the internment of the German High Seas Fleet in November 1918.〔 After the war and following his promotion to commander on 30 June 1919 and his appointment as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire on 17 July 1919, Fraser volunteered to serve with the White Russian Caspian Flotilla; however on arrival in Azerbaijan as part of the 1920 Royal Navy Mission to Enzeli he was captured and imprisoned by Bolsheviks in the Black Hole of Baku until released in November 1920.〔Heathcote, p. 89〕 He then served returned to HMS ''Excellent'' before joining the Naval Ordnance Department at the Admiralty in June 1922.〔 He became Fleet Gunnery Officer for the Mediterranean Fleet in December 1924 and, having been promoted to Captain on 30 June 1926, he became Head of the Tactical Division of the Admiralty in January 1927.〔 He was appointed to command the cruiser on the East Indies Station in September 1929 and then became Director of the Naval Ordnance Department at the Admiralty in July 1933.〔 Fraser returned to sea to take command of the aircraft carrier in May 1936 and then became Chief Staff Officer to the Flag Officer Aircraft Carriers in 1937.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sir Bruce Fraser )〕 He reached Flag rank as a rear admiral on 11 January 1938 and was made Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief Mediterranean Fleet in April 1938.〔 He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1939 New Year Honours. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bruce Fraser, 1st Baron Fraser of North Cape」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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